key points:

-Type design and book design became casualties of novel graphic expressions for commercial consumption.

-Godefroy Engelmann in 1837, patenteda process named chromolithography, using multiple Lithographic stones to print component colors.

-because of chromolithography:

Illustration dominates mass media

Advertising and packaging for massconsumption uses lithographic

naturalism...New formats: billboards, hand bills,posters.

-Louis Prang-most

prolific innovator of the

medium- “Father of the american christmas

card.” Put printing into the everyday

lives of citizens...

-John Gamble in 1801- English patented a machine to make paper in single sheets from 1 to 12 feet and upwards wide and from 1 to 45 feet and

upwards long.

-Ottmar Mergenthler- July 3rd 1886-The first machine to compose type layouts.

-Monotype a machine that cast single letters from hot metal came a decade

later.

-Thomas Nast- father of American political cartooning- Popularized important images.

-First ad agency in 1841:Volney Palmer of Philadelphia, sold ad space like a travel agency, sells tickets today-Conventions

-Kelmscott Press major contributions to a History of Graphic Design

-Historicism- use of past forms and styles to express the present instead of inventing new ones.

-Hand painted lettering integrates into the design. Artists were responsible for all elements. This control over print: beginning of modern

GRAPHIC DESIGN

-cheret considered father of the modern lithographic poster

-First Gismonda poster, 1894. Life-size figure, mosaic pattern, and elongated shape created an overnight sensation.

-The Beggarstaffs

New vocabulary of form for the graphic artist- -flat color and sharp silhouettes, high contrast.

Used new technique of flat design later called collage-Cut-outs using colored papers-“edges drawn with scissors” Sharp silhouettes, high

contrast was new vocabulary of form for the graphic artist-Harper’s Magazine

-final phases of art nouveau-jugendstil and sezessionstil-inspires the utopian artistic visions in the early 2oth century

-Gustav Klimt - founder and presidentfrom 1897 to 1905. His painting The Kiss is a symbol of Vienna Secession.

-Koloman Moser- defines the approach to graphic design for the movement.

-Alfred Roller 14th Secession Exhibit poster 1902 - Anticipated Cubism and Art Deco.

-Joseph Hoffmann business card and clock design for he Wiener Werksstatte

-Glasgow School made notable contributions to the new century’s architecture and interiors.

-Peter Behrens- From 1907- 1914 Design advisor for German Industrial manufacturer AEG who in 1888 bought the patients of Edison.

-1908 - Model for a modern era of graphic identity as a comprehensive program.- Given a graphic Identity still in use today-

-Frank Pick- design advocacy- created an international model for corporate design publicity.

tonight what i really learned that really in order to make a piece of art have a great impact is to do something different, new, and controversial and that some type faces made in the 30s is still around and still used for the same companies today

also the fact that santa clause was invented just so graphic designers could make cards and packaging and paper etc was very impressive and interesting to me

Unit 1>part 1&2

key points:

-earliest pictorial markings-africa 200,000

-by making tools,human designers understood the idea of shapes for a use of intentional markings

-ideographs:symbols to represent ideas or concepts

-words represent unspoken thought:spoken words vanished but written words remain

-hieroglpyphs mean "sacred carving"

-writing with symbolic shapes for excerpted tremendous force on human imagination.

-alphabets thus become graphic counterparts of spoken sounds in space

-Roman “written” hand took 2 forms: square and rustic capitals

-codex: Christian book, the books were used to create evidence for the church...to preserve the information

-Graphic forms were established that would extend into all printed books by the 1400s

-The Vatican Vergil isthe most important surviving ancientexample of an illustrated book of classical literature”.

-a visual culture begins to be established through the first woodblock prints in the early 1400s

-block books-perhaps the first printed western book-by 1450 ad, gave way quickly to a new technology.

-the youngest member in the book printing is called "the book devil"

-incunabula means "baby's cloth"

-Graphic descriptions of the world spread assumptions, conventions, and standards.

-san-serif is the open to modern graphic design/history

what i grasped the most is how important books were and how beautiful they were in the preservation of the world and their lives...each letter was a work of art...it was very amazing to me.